How to Write an Outstanding MBA Essay

The most effective method to Write an Outstanding MBA Essay Most of graduate business programs require each candidate to give at any rate one achieved MBA paper as a vital piece of the application procedure. The agents of the affirmation sheets utilize the articles, along with other application components, so as to decide if a potential understudy is an ideal fit for a specific business college. An expertly investigated and appropriately cultivated MBA expositions are an incredible open door for you to expand your odds of acknowledgment just as to contrast the foundation of different candidates. MBA Essay: What? Why? How? ‘How to compose a MBA essay?’ A commonplace inquiry if you’re a bustling school or college understudy who has neither strong information in a specific field nor magnificent composing abilities. In the event that you’re among the unfortunate folks who are stuck in no place, we have uplifting news for you †composing a MBA paper is certainly not a troublesome errand by any stretch of the imagination! All you need to never really up with a first rate MBA article is to adhere to the directions gave underneath: Exploration. Prior to composing a paper, it is exceptionally imperative to do a careful examination so as to gather all the material expected to finish a decent MBA exposition for any school discipline be it Psychology, Marketing, IT or Engineering. Complete a solid proposition explanation. The second step that you, as the MBA exposition creator, must take is to give an unmistakable and brief theory proclamation that will advise your intended interest group about the motivation behind your MBA paper. Psyche that you need to do that inside a solitary sentence. In addition, the proposal articulation ought to be clear and brief. Your coach shouldn’t experience any sort of difficulty while perusing and fathoming your theory articulation. Separation your paper into parts. Separation your MBA article into the body sections and make a point to give headings where suitable. Specialty a blueprint. At the point when the inquiry is the means by which to compose a decent MBA article, consistently make sure to utilize straightforward and clear language. Before you produce a genuine book, it is imperative to manufacture a solid blueprint. With the assistance of a strong plan, you have a chance to make a preeminent quality MBA article that will show that you’ve accomplished some genuine work to think of the quality bit of composing. In addition, a decent diagram will assist you with showing signs of improvement thought of what focuses you should add to the paper and which ones ought to be deleted. Partition into areas. The presentation, the body, the end are the must-have for the MBA paper venture. Never neglect to give them in your piece since these entries transform your MBA exposition into the one that merits an A+ and educate your coach about the uncommon composing aptitudes that you have. The introduction of the MBA article is utilized to present the theme that you’re going to talk about and give a brisk and point by point outline of the undertaking. Simultaneously, the indisputable piece of the MBA paper demonstrates how you react to a specific issue that you’ve featured in your introductive fragment and the body of the task. Give school particulars. Unquestionably, you’d like to exhibit your insight into a specific school. This implies knowing and referencing explicit classes or an employee that you’re keen on the most. Discussion about certain associations nearby that snare your consideration. Name your objectives and how the school can assist you with drawing nearer to them. The key here is all things considered and explicit, composing an account of how you can add to the decent variety of the class. Act naturally. The agents of the confirmations board are scanning for the approaches to see increasingly about an expected understudy and their one of a kind character. Along these lines, ensure you have something to bring to the college network table! Cause sure to mention to them what sort of effect you to can make. With regards to the altering, guarantee the different corrections don't reduce your remarkable individual voice. This isn't only a MBA exposition, this is your article! Presently you’re formally furnished with everything expected to make an extraordinary MBA article inside the predefined cutoff time. To get more subtleties, don't hesitate to connect with the believed custom paper composing administration that gives proficient composing help day in and day out.

Tree Diagram responses wk 1 dq 1 Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Tree Diagram reactions wk 1 dq 1 - Coursework Example For this situation, results at every preliminary are totally unrelated and their association is the all inclusive set (Sharma, 2007). While Brenda is directly in distinguishing the tree outline as a guide to picturing results, her definition isn't complete. Direct computation of probabilities is increasingly effective in basic results, for example, single preliminaries. The tree chart is increasingly pertinent in envisioning results of numerous preliminaries. She likewise doesn't unequivocally distinguish the way that tree an outline is reasonable for autonomous preliminaries. A model, like Brenda’s would include autonomous and progressive determination of a ball from a lot of four white balls followed by another choice from a lot of three blue ones. While she shows the main standards of likelihood, for example, assurance of the likelihood space and added substance and multiplicative principles, Brenda needs adequate scientific terms for imparting her rich information (Sharma, 2007). Tami is explorative of the extent of a tree chart and its job in recognizable proof of an example space. Her case of conceivable utilization of a tree graph is additionally sufficient. This is on the grounds that it recognized determination of two things from two fundamentally unrelated sets. A genuine model that compares to Tami’s is a progressive determination of a book from a lot of five books, each with an alternate shading, trailed by choice of a pen from a lot of three diversely hued pens. Her answer likewise exhibits a comprehension in assurance of test space from preliminaries. Despite the fact that her reaction is exemplary, she neglects to explicitly distinguish the freedom property of preliminaries that is a need for utilization of a tree graph (Sharma, 2007). Yvette’s answer that a tree graph is a method of posting prospects of an arrangement isn't precise. This is a direct result of two reasons. Initial, a grouping may have a solitary result at every preliminary and may not fit

Alfred Adler Biography Career and Life

Alfred Adler Biography Career and Life February 22, 2020 Public Domain Library of Famous Psychologists, Sonoma University More in Psychology History and Biographies Psychotherapy Basics Student Resources Theories Phobias Emotions Sleep and Dreaming Alfred Adler was an Austrian physician and psychiatrist who is best-known for forming the school of thought known as individual psychology. He is also remembered for his concepts of the inferiority feeling and inferiority complex, which he believed played a major part in the formation of personality. Alder was initially a colleague of Sigmund Freud, helped establish psychoanalysis, and was a founding member of the Vienna Psychoanalytic Society. Adlers theory focused on looking at the individual as a whole, which is why he referred to his approach as individual psychology. Adler eventually split from Freuds psychoanalytic circle, but he went on to have a tremendous impact on the development of psychotherapy. He also had an important influence on many other great thinkers including Abraham Maslow and Albert Ellis.?? Best Known For Individual psychologyThe concept of the inferiority complexPresident of the Vienna Psychoanalytic Society, 1910 Birth and Death Alfred Adler was born February 7, 1870. He died May 28, 1937. Early Life Alfred Adler was born in Vienna, Austria. He suffered rickets as a young child, which prevented him from walking until after the age of 2, and he got pneumonia at the age of four. Due to his health problems as a child, Adler decided he would become a physician and, after graduating from the University of Vienna in 1895 with a medical degree, began his career as an ophthalmologist and later switched to general practice. Career and Later Life Alder soon turned his interests toward the field of psychiatry. In 1902,  Sigmund Freud invited him to join a psychoanalytic discussion group. This group met each Wednesday in Freuds home and would eventually grow to become the Vienna Psychoanalytic Society. After serving as President of the group for a time, Adler left in part because of his  disagreements with some of Freuds theories. While Adler had played a key role in the development of psychoanalysis, he was also one of the first major figures to break away to form his own school of thought. He was quick to point out that while he had been a colleague of Freuds, he was in no way a disciple of the famous Austrian psychoanalyst.?? In 1912, Alfred Adler founded the Society of Individual Psychology. Adlers theory suggested that every person has a sense of inferiority. From childhood, people work toward overcoming this inferiority by striving for superiority, and Adler believed that this drive was the motivating force behind human behaviors, emotions, and thoughts. He explained that some individuals will focus on collaboration and contributions to society while others will try to exert power over others. While Adler had converted to Christianity,?? his Jewish heritage led to the Nazis closing down his clinics during the 1930s. As a result, Adler emigrated to the United States to take a professor position at the Long Island College of Medicine. In 1937, Adler went on a lecture tour and suffered a fatal heart attack in Aberdeen, Scotland. His family lost track of his cremated remains shortly after his death and the ashes were presumed lost before being discovered in 2007 at a crematorium in Edinburgh, Scotland. In 2011, 74 years after his death, Adlers ashes were returned to Vienna, Austria. In an interview with The Guardian, his granddaughter explained, Vienna was essentially Adlers home, his birth home and there was the triangle, you know, Adler, Jung and Freud, and all had that sense of coming out of that place, so theres something rather fitting about him going back there.?? Contributions to Psychology Alfred Adlers theories have played an essential role in a number of areas including therapy and child development. Alders ideas also influenced other important psychologists and psychoanalysts including: Abraham MaslowCarl RogersKaren HorneyRollo MayErich FrommAlbert Ellis Today, his ideas and concepts are often referred to as Adlerian psychology. Selected Publications Adler, A. (1925). The Practice and Theory of Individual Psychology. London: Routledge. Adler, A. (1956). The Individual Psychology of Alfred Adler. H. L. Ansbacher and R. R. Ansbacher (Eds.). New York: Harper Torchbooks.

Case Study(Whole Foods) - 1481 Words

1.) The Whole Foods strategy seeks to provide products of the best quality to its customers by maintaining high standards that the farmers, organic growers must match. The strategy also involves providing best tasting food and foods that are fresh, wholesome and safe to eat. It also involves promoting organically grown foods to exercise their influence on the people and the industry. Customers are the most important stakeholders responsible for the growth of Whole Foods Market, thus satisfying their needs and meeting their every possible demand is key behind the success of this company. Inviting store environments and retail innovation also enhances this. Their strategy involves working efficiently with its vendors, team members and†¦show more content†¦Return on Shareholder’s Equity= (Profits after taxes/Total Equity) 2004 2005 2006 2007 (3,864,950-2,523,816/3,864,950) (4,701,289-3,052,184/4,701,289) (5,607,376-3,647,734/5,607,376) (6,591,773-4,295,170/6,591,773) = .34699 or .35% = .35 % =. 35 % = .35% 2.NP= .033 % = .050% = .036% = .027% 3. N/A N/A (49+8,606/2,042,996) = .004 (24,781+736,087/3,213,128) = .023 4. N/A N/A (203,828/2,042,996) = .099% (182,740/3,213,128) = .056% After analyzing some of the important financial ratios of the company it seems that the Gross Profit is consistent throughout the years 2003-2007 remaining at 35%, however the net profit margin displays another story it has decreased significantly from 2005-2006(.050-.036 %) and from 2006-2007(.036-.027%). The net profit dropped 2.3 % in two years, which is not alarming but the management should look into the reasons behind the decline. The debt-to-equity ratio is used to evaluate borrowing capability and the amount of debt in the company. Usually ratios above 1.0 indicate excessive debt, in the case of Whole Foods Market the ratio has gone up from 2006-2007 (.004-.023), which indicated an increase in the amount of borrowings. The ratio is nowhere close to one, which indicates credit worthiness of Whole Foods Market and their ability to pay back debt. The return on shareholders equity hasShow MoreRelatedWhole Foods Case Study1568 Words   |  7 PagesNick Zawisa Strategic Management September 23, 2010 Case Study: Whole Foods Market Since 1980, Whole Foods Markets has grown from a small local store in Austin, Texas, to the largest retail chain of natural and organic foods in the United States. Whole Foods has been leading the natural and organic foods movement across the United States, working to gain acceptance among the growing number of consumers interested in eating healthier foods. The company has built a reputation for being selectiveRead MoreCase Study Whole Foods1155 Words   |  5 PagesCase Study assignment 1. What are the chief elements of the strategy that Whole Foods Market is pursuing? Fresh natural and organic foods and products with no preservatives or artificial ingredients. Promote healthier eating/lifestyle and increasing consumer knowledge/education of food safety, environment and how pesticides affect the land as well as the human body. 2. Is the strategy well matched to recent developments and conditions in the natural and organic foods segment of the food retailingRead MoreWhole Foods Case Study2408 Words   |  10 PagesCase Analysis Whole Foods Market in 2010: Vision, Core Values, and Strategy By: Katie Hollar Baker College Online Case Analysis Whole Foods Market in 2010: Vision, Core Values, and Strategy Overview Whole Foods Market was established in Austin, Texas in 1980 as a natural and health food supermarket, and it has since become the world’s largest supermarket chain in organic and natural foods. Whole Foods Market had 289 stores located in Canada, Great Britain, and predominantly in theRead MoreWhole foods case study Essay870 Words   |  4 PagesNovember 27, 2013 HRM 598 Case Study Introduction Whole Foods Market, Inc. is the largest chain of natural foods supermarkets operating in the United States. Whole Foods has six core values that drive its company and they include; selling the highest quality natural and organic products, satisfying and delighting customers, supporting their Team Members (Whole Food Employees) happiness and growth, creating wealth through profits and growth, caring about the communities and our environment, creatingRead MoreEssay on Case Study-Whole Foods1284 Words   |  6 Pages1. Whole Foods creates a narrow market niche by catering to the special needs and tastes of the consumer, thus, creating a differentiation-based advantage over competitors. By taking actions to acquire Wild Oats, Whole Foods has gained the competitive edge in the marketplace. 2. Recent developments and conditions in the natural and organic food industry can put a strain on the vision and strategy that John Mackey first set out to accomplish. However, part of a good business strategy is toRead MoreWhole Foods Inc Case Study1200 Words   |  5 PagesIntroduction Industry Overview The Whole Foods Inc was founded in 1980 by john Mackey, from a local supermarket store on safe grocery. Since then, it has grown into the world’s largest retail store all kinds of organic and natural foods. As of 2004, the annual sales were recorded as $8 billion. It has approximately 264 stores in the USA, 6 in Canada and 5 in the United Kingdom (Thomson, 2010). The headquarters are located on an 80,000 square feet flagship store in Austin, Texas. Over the yearsRead MoreCase Study : Whole Foods Market1370 Words   |  6 Pages Performance Mangement-4013 Assignment Title: Whole Foods Market Report by: Kiranpal Mann Student #: c0645417 Date: 1st March 2016 Table of contentsRead MoreWhole Foods Case Study Essay1324 Words   |  6 PagesWhole Foods Markets is a retailer of natural and organic foods. The company was founded by current CEO John Mackey who partnered with Craig Weller and Mark Skiles to merge their two natural food stores, Saferway and Clarkville Natural Grocery, resulting in the opening of the original Whole Foods Market on September 20, 1980. They had a 12,500 square foot store manned by 19 staff members. With a passion this industry, Mackey devised great visions, values, and strategies to take Whole Foods MarketsRead MoreWhole Foods Market Inc. Case Study Essay1200 Words   |  5 PagesAccording to the Whole Foods Market Inc. case, study shows that Whole Foods Market is an American supermarket chain exclusively featuring foods without artificial preservatives, colors, flavors, sweeteners, and hydrogenated fats. It is the United States first certified organic grocer, which mean s it ensures, to National Organic Program standards, organic integrity of the heterogeneous products from the time they reach stores until they are placed in a shopping cart. Whole Foods Market Inc. openedRead MoreWhole Foods Operations Management Case Study1794 Words   |  8 PagesWhole Foods Operations Management Case Study Assignment With the launch of the 365 brand, Whole Foods is hoping to target and bring in a younger, more hipster demographic of customers. Their hopes are that these younger, more price sensitive shoppers will grow with the brand, become accustomed to the organic, GMO-free selection, and will transition into customers of the regular, more expensive, Whole Foods stores as they grow in their careers and begin making more money. The most important challenge

Review Of Much Like How Greco Roman Heroes - 1207 Words

Much like how Greco-Roman heroes reflected the cultural values of the societies that produced and sustained them, comic book heroes have also continued to reflect the values of contemporary society. In particular, Marvel’s The Punisher is a vital source of insight in our society’s moral perception of criminals. This is because his acceptance to mainstream pop culture is a reflection of the social values and moral codes that have been discreetly popularized by members of our society. This popularity, which is grounded in our resonation with The Punisher and his belief system, is a product of our unfiltered individual moral desires, as well as the institutional ills that many believe characterizes our justice systems. To understand these†¦show more content†¦The perpetrators, seeking to eliminate witnesses, murdered most of the bystanders, including Castle’s family and almost Castle himself. Although upon recovery Castle was able to identify the perpetrato rs to the police, corruption in the department prevented any action from being taken. For that reason, and wanting justice for his family, Castle became the vigilante known as The Punisher. He has since waged a one-man war against crime and corruption by mercilessly hunting and killing those he consider criminals. This backstory alone provides insight into the Punisher’s moral foundations and motivations. However, further interpretation is necessary to understand the depth of his moral structure and motivation and there resonation with members of our society. In regards to his motivation, it has been made explicitly clear that revenge is the principle source of his crusade against crime. Not only does the author of his comic offer this evidence to us, but a basic psychological inquiry would make this clear as well. Nonetheless, as a result of his moral structure, Punisher is an immensely complex character that strays from the simplistic vengeful paradigm. This structure, which is maintained by his vision of making the world a better place, can be characterized as a consequentialist belief that eradicating criminals in the world is a necessary evil. This moral structure is crucial because within The Punisher’s individual rationality, the ethical frameworkShow MoreRelatedSummer Olymoics23416 Words   |  94 Pagesbehind, having closed most of the gap observed by the initial evaluation in 2004. New York and Madrid also received very positive evaluations.[28] On 1 July 2005, when asked who would win, Jacques Rogge said, I cannot predict it since I don t know how the IOC members will vote. But my gut feeling tells me that it will be very close. Perhaps it will come down to a difference of say ten votes, or maybe less.[29] On 6 July 2005, the final selection was announced at the 117th IOC Session in Singapore

Unit 1, Business Administration Level2 Free Essays

string(79) " who the creator is it can be claimed 50 years after it was first made public\." Unit one: Principles of personal responsibilities and working in a business environment Section 1 – Know the employment rights and responsibilities of the employee and employer 1. Identify four main points that would be included in a contract of employment. If possible, use an example contract to support your answer (feel free to obscure any confidential information). We will write a custom essay sample on Unit 1, Business Administration Level2 or any similar topic only for you Order Now – Employer’s name – Employee’s name – Date of commencement of employment – Main place of work Example: Employer’s name: AbC Ltd. Employee’s name: Date of commencement of employment: 15 Jan 2013 Main place of work: Unit 12, 3 Long Way, New York, AB1 2CD, UK a) List three key points of legislation that affect employers in a business environment. – Health and safety – Employments rights and responsibilities – Data protection 2b) List three key points of legislation that affect employees in a business environment. – Health and safety – Pay Pensions – Employments rights and responsibilities 3. Identify a range of places where a person can find information on employment rights and responsibilities. You should identify at least two internal and two external sources of information. Internal (within organisation): – Line manager – Informed colleagues – Trade union represent atives External (outside of the organisation): – Citizens Advice Bureaux – Government – ACAS 4. Describe how representative bodies can support employees. The representative bodies can help and support employees in work place. The best examples are Trade Unions, large organisations that represent the interest of their members. They can offer assistance through work based representatives. Their members may share an occupation or a common industry. Trade Unions will also have regional and national expertise that they can use. One of the place, where employee can get help and advice when is not a member of Trade Union, is Citizens Advice Bureau (CAB). It can advise employee on his rights at work  and in other settings. CAB advisers can often  help write letters to present employees complaint or claim to an employer, service provider or business. Sometimes, the CAB will provide representation if person makes a claim at the employment tribunal. 5. Briefly describe employer and employee responsibilities for equality and diversity in a business environment. You should give at least two employer responsibilities and two employee responsibilities. If possible, provide relevant equality and diversity procedures from your workplace (or place of study) to support your answer. These documents hould be annotated to highlight the relevant sections. Equality can be described as breaking down barriers, eliminating discrimination and ensuring equal opportunity and access for all groups both in employment and to goods and services. In all organisations, it’s important that all employees are treated in an equally fair way and are given equal opportunities. Diversity can be described as celebrating differences and valuing everyone. Each person is an individual with visible and non-visible differences and by respecting this, everyone can feel valued for their contributions, which is beneficial not only for individual but for company too. Examples: Employer responsibilities: – Should provide training to increase   awareness of equality and diversity so that employees at all levels can perform effectively and develop their full potential within their jobs; –   It has responsibility to protect employees in the work place, to remove all barriers to individual development and to maintain and promote an environment that appreciates diversity and is free from discrimination, harassment and bullying. Employee responsibilities: Focus on actual people rather than the â€Å"label† which may be put on them; – Be aware of the judgements make. 6. Briefly explain the benefits of making sure equality and diversity procedures are followed in a business environment. Your answer should include one benefit for the employer, one benefit for the employee and one benefit for the overall organisation. In all organisations, there are social and economic benefits of equal treatment. Examples: Benefit for employ er: – Employer can reduce the risk that will be held legally responsible for he behaviour of the people who work with him, if training them in equality and diversity procedures. Benefit for employee: – Any person doing the same work as someone else has the right to be rewarded in the same way as they are. Benefit for overall organisation: – It brings to an organisation a wide range of experience, ideas and creativity and if managed well it can ensure that each individual utilises their skills effectively and feels valued for their individual qualities. Section 2 – Understand the purpose of health, safety and security procedures in a business environment . Identify employer and employee responsibilities for health, safety and security. If possible, provide relevant health, safety and security policies / documents from your workplace (or place of study) to support your answer. These documents should be annotated to highlight the relevant sections. Health, s afety and security procedures clarify ‘who’ is responsible for ‘what’. This ensures that an organisation has a structure to ensure a secure, safe and healthy business environment for everyone. The Health and Safety at Work etc Act 1974 is the primary piece of legislation covering work-related health and safety in the United Kingdom. It states that everyone has responsibility for health and safety in the workplace. The 1998 Data Protection Act, that is another law, which purpose is to protect people from having information about themselves abused. In other words, in spite of its name it is intended to protect individuals rather than data. It does this by imposing restrictions on what those holding personal information may do with it and to whom they may pass it. One more very important legislation in a business environment is Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988. This act ensures that things such as literacy, photographs, artists creations, dramatic and musical works cannot be copied. The law is also carried out when it comes to computers as it is illegal to copy software or run pirated software. Everything here mentioned, however, can be claimed as someone else when the original owner has been dead for a certain amount of years. It is usually after 70 years it can be claimed but in some cases where they don’t know who the creator is it can be claimed 50 years after it was first made public. You read "Unit 1, Business Administration Level2" in category "Papers" Examples Employers responsibilities: – Employers have duties under health and safety law to assess risks in the workplace. Risk assessments should be carried out that address all risks that might cause harm in workplace. – Employers must give information about the risks in workplace and how employees are protected, also instruct and train on how to deal with the risks. Employers must consult employees on health and safety issues. – Employers have a legal duty under the  Health and Safety Information for Employees Regulations (HSIER)  to display the approved poster in a prominent position in each workplace or to provide each worker with a copy of the approved leaflet  Health and safety law: â€Å"What you need to knowà ‚  that outlines British health and safety law†. Employees responsibilities: – Follow the training has received when using any work items your employer has given. – Take reasonable care of own and other people’s health and safety. Co-operate with employer on health and safety. – Tell someone (employer, supervisor, or health and safety representative) if think the work or inadequate precautions are putting anyone’s health and safety at risk. 2. Explain the purpose of following health, safety and security procedures in a business environment. All people at work need to take reasonable care to avoid harm to themselves or to others by their working practices, and to co-operate with employers and others in meeting statutory requirements. The principal objective in Health and Safety Act is to prevent harm from occurring to employees while they are at work. It is an employer’s duty to protect the health, safety and welfare of their employees and other people who might be affected by their business. The employer has legal responsibilities to staff and any breach of these could result at legal action against employer as an individual, resulting in heavy fines. All companies have procedures for staff to follow. There are some important reasons for following those procedures. Failure of any of them can bring consequences: – Legal reasons – reprimands, fines, closures and even prison sentences – Organisational rules – can be subject to disciplinary procedures – Morale reasons – employers and employees have a moral obligation to follow health and safety procedures to ensure no one comes to any harm – Economic reasons – e fines for breaking the law, compensation payments to customers or staff, loss of customers who are aware that health and safety procedures are not being followed, increased costs and, potentially, even the whole organisation being shut down . Describe three different ways of maintaining a safe and secure business environment. – Personal conduct: One of the most significant influences on risks in the workplace is the behaviour of staff. How people conduct themselves can have a significant impact on their own health and safety and that of others. For example: not wearing clothes / jewellery that may be dangerous, not tired when at work etc. Awareness and observation: Noticing any potential hazard, noticing what is happening in work environment; – Prompt reporting: promptly reporting to the appropriate person when someone is wrong or may have a potential for causing harm but the individual cannot correct it. Section 3 – Understand how to communicate effectively with others 1. Complete the table below with descriptions of different methods of communication. You should include two verbal, two non-verbal and two written methods of communication. |Methods of communication |Description | |Verbal communication |1. One-to-one discussion: allows communicators to exchange ideas | | |back and forth freely; information flowing smoothly and clearly | | |between speaker and the audience | | | | | | | | |2. Presentations: Using effective verbal communication, business | | |professionals give presentations and lectures to convey their | | |expertise on a particular topic. Whether a business professional | | |provides instruction, describes a product to make a sale or | | |communicates a vision or strategy, he needs to keep the message | | |clear by preparing adequately. | | | | | | | |Non-verbal communication |1. Voice ton: quality of person’s voice, characteristic style or | | |manner of expressing yourself orally, that shows what the speaker is| | |feeling | | | | | | | | |2. Eye contact: is strongly influenced by social behaviour, is most | | |often defined as a sign of confidence; can indicate how interested a| | |person is in the communication taking place. It could also suggest | | |trust and truthfulness. | |Written communication |1. E-mail: electronic messaging, virtual communication tool, have | | |taken the place of actual â€Å"pen and paper† memos or written letters | | |due to ease and speed of sending and receiving emails. | | | | | |2. Business letter:   is a  letter  written in formal language, usually| | |used when writing from one business organization to another, or for | | |correspondence between such organizations and their customers, | | |clients and other external parties. The overall style of letter will| | |depend on the relationship between the parties concerned. | | | | | | | 2. Using two specific examples, explain how to choose the most appropriate method of communication to meet your needs and the needs of others. Managers meeting regarding targets for next year – Business manager have to communicate â€Å"plan to win† for next year with all managers. It should be done in out of the public place; it’s kind of the face-to-face meeting in small group. Speaker can use presentations, may discus some issues concerning business with staff. Clearly written, comprehensive and organized notes can be very powerful. They can make the difference between those who attended the mee ting going away and doing nothing, or actually doing what’s needed in order to move a project forwards. – Confirm additional order – when need to add some more items to existing order, need to quick communicate it with service company. The best and the quickest way is to send fax. It’s good method of communication for all external contacts, or other offices some distance way. In addition, we are in possession of copies of the order confirmation in writing. 3. Describe at least two ways of actively listening. The way to become better listener is to practice â€Å"active listening†. This is where the person makes a conscious effort to hear not only the words that another person is saying but, more importantly, try to understand the complete message being sent. There are some key elements of active listening. They all help to ensure that you hear the other person, and that the other person knows you are hearing what they say. Examples: – Pay Attention: Give the speaker your undivided attention, and acknowledge the message. Recognize that non-verbal communication also â€Å"speaks† loudly. * Look at the speaker directly. * Put aside distracting thoughts. * Don’t mentally prepare a rebuttal! * Avoid being distracted by environmental factors. For example, side conversations. * Listen† to the speaker’s body language. – Respond Appropriately: Active listening is a model for respect and understanding. You are gaining information and perspective. You add nothing by attacking the speaker or otherwise putting him or her down. * Be candid, open, and honest in your response. Assert your opinions respectfully. * Treat the other person in a way that you think he or she would want to be treated. Section 4 – Understand how to work with and support colleagues 1. Explain the purpose of agreeing standards for your own work. Give at least two reasons. Organisation provides a f oundation of work standards to ensure everyone knows what is required from them and from people around them. As an employee, we should always make sure that we know exactly the work standards required of you. If an employee doesn’t have a standard of work or unclear then it is difficult for them to know what or how or when they should be doing it. The absence of standards makes it impossible for an employee to effectively monitor their own performance. If work standards don’t exist, then things are open to personal interpretation and this can lead to conflicting viewpoints. If some colleagues work to lower standards, it can affect the work of others. Examples: – Wastage standards – An engineering business producing ‘widgets’ may set a maximum of 0. 25% scrap; a chef in a restaurant aims to keep the cost of unused ingredients down to ? 30 per day. – Behavioural standards – Members of the armed forces will have very precise standards on appearance and dress; a receptionist should smile 100% of the time when greeting customers. 2. Explain the purpose of taking on new challenges and being able to adapt to change at work. It is important to take on new challenges and adapt to changes, because nothing ever stays the same, things are always changing which means unless you can adapt and change too, you will be stuck doing the same things which could then make your life a lot harder than it needs to be. Changes could be due to an advance in technology, new environment or anything that will have an impact on you and your day to day life. Those people who welcome change are likely to get more opportunities for variation in their work. If a person wishes to learn then they will need to face up to new information and new situations. If a person will not change and adapt then there is little scope for learning. Employees who resist or deny changes will find themselves at odds with colleagues and managers. Their skills and attitudes may become redundant. This may result in them no longer fitting in with the business. 3. Explain the purpose of treating others with honesty and consideration. Having integrity and being honest are fundamental requirements if you want to grow spiritually and follow your true destination of personal development. It’s not simply about being honest with people. Whilst that will make you a better person and a more accepted one it’s more importantly about being honest with yourself. If we’re honest in all that we do and say, it means we are genuine, real and true whereas dishonesty symbolises all that is fake, fictitious and unreal. Living your life honestly and with integrity means that you’ve decided to live openly and to show your true self to others and that you can be relied upon to be genuine. One of the key elements in any relationship, be it a personal or professional one, is the ability to trust and be trusted. Without trust, we have no credibility which is at the core of being able to influence people and provide strong leadership. Without honesty, there is no foundation upon which to build a personal relationship with someone you love. Section 5 – Know how to plan own work and be accountable to others 1. Explain the purpose of meeting work standards and deadlines when completing tasks in a business environment. Setting clear standards of work and deadlines enables people to complete work effectively. If there are no standards or they are vague this can lead to confusion and problems. It is important that you produce your work to the best possible standard in order to meet the requirements of the person who set you the task. This shows that you are responsible and trustworthy and that you can be relied upon to get things done. You do not know who else might be waiting for your work; it could have to be passed on to someone else. This could cause problems in a business environment and affect your  team  relationship. Your line manager will expect you to meet all your deadlines, this could have a detrimental effect on your progress is you regularly fail at this. 2. Describe two different methods that you can use to plan your own work in a business environment. – Prioritization – Prioritization is the essential skill you need to make the very best use of your own efforts and those of your team. It’s also a skill that you need to create calmness and space in your life so that you can focus your energy and attention on the things that really matter. It is particularly important when time is limited and demands are seemingly unlimited. It helps you to allocate your time where it is most-needed and most wisely spent, freeing you and your team up from less important tasks that can be attended to later or quietly dropped. With good prioritization (and careful management of reprioritized tasks) you can bring order to chaos, massively reduce stress, and move towards a successful conclusion. Without it, you’ll flounder around, drowning in competing demands. – Goal setting – is a powerful process for thinking about your ideal future, and for motivating yourself to turn your vision of this future into reality. The process of setting goals helps you choose where you want to go in life. By knowing precisely what you want to achieve, you know where you have to concentrate your efforts. You’ll also quickly spot the istractions that can, so easily, lead you astray. A useful way of making goals more powerful is to use the SMART mnemonic. While there are plenty of variants (some of which we’ve i ncluded in parenthesis), SMART usually stands for: †¢ S  Ã¢â‚¬â€œ Specific (or Significant). †¢ M  Ã¢â‚¬â€œ Measurable (or Meaningful). †¢ A  Ã¢â‚¬â€œ Attainable (or Action-Oriented). †¢ R  Ã¢â‚¬â€œ Relevant (or Rewarding). †¢ T  Ã¢â‚¬â€œ Time-bound (or Track able). 3. Describe ways of keeping other people informed about progress and compare their effectiveness. What are the benefits and drawbacks of each approach? Very few people work entirely on their own. Even fewer are responsible to no one but themselves for the work they do. Most of us have to make sure that other people know what we are doing and, in many cases, approve it. If you don’t keep them informed you’re going to make both your life and theirs that bit harder. It’s quite easy to let people know about the end of your actions. You send a memo to each member of staff telling him or her of the time of the staff appraisal interview. You hand the boss a file containing all the relevant travel documents. You tick the completed box on your list of â€Å"jobs to do† and that’s that. What is equally important is keeping people informed on an ongoing basis as a particular job progress, particularly if it is long and complicated. The reasons of that: – You might not be completely clear about what you are supposed to do and don’t want to go any further because you might be taking the wrong route; – Something unexpected turns up that might alter what you have to do; – You might urgently require some advice; – The person for whom you are doing the job needs a regular progress report for his or her own boss; – The job is so big that a number of people have to be kept informed on a regular basis of what everyone else is doing so that they feel confident that they can continue carrying out their part of the plan. There are many different methods of communicate progress with other people, but always have to remember to choose correct one. One can be very effective, the others less. For example: Meetings – These can vary from one-time kickoff meetings to daily meetings of small groups of team members, weekly or monthly executive updates, or occasional all-hands meeting s. Although you can’t guarantee that people will pay attention in a meeting, getting people in the same room is ideal for discussions, brainstorming, and decision making. – Status reports – These can contain different types of information depending on the audience. Moreover, whether you produce paper or electronic status reports depends on the audience as well. Sending status reports to people makes it easy for them to read the information, and they can choose to scan the reports for pertinent topics or ignore them if time is at a premium. Newsletters and email distribution lists:  These work well for announcements and other information you want to disseminate to broad audiences. You can distribute information to many people without much effort, but the readers can skip the message if it doesn’t apply to them. Section 6 – Understand the purpose of improving own performance in a business environment and how to do so 1. Explain the purpose of conti nuously improving your performance in a business environment. Knowing that you are getting better at something feels good. Sometimes this happens just because you get more and more experienced at doing it. At other times it needs someone to show you how you can improve on what you’re doing. Your first step is to decide where you are now and where you want to get to. A lot of organisations try to encourage their staff to â€Å"continuously improve† themselves; often referring to it as â€Å"lifetime learning† because they feel that it can help them to improve the organisation’s overall performance. Businesses and employees should focus on doing their tasks as well as possible, and look for what can be improved. By continuing to improve, an employee can increase job interest, wages, long-term careers and a more valued contribution to the organisation and the satisfaction of customers. 2. Describe at least two ways of improving your performance at work. Where relevant, illustrate your answer with specific examples from your own experience. Knowing that you are getting better at something feels good. Sometimes this happens just because you get more experienced at doing it. At other times it needs someone to show you how you can improve on what you’re doing. First step is to decide where you are now and where you want to get to. For an organisation to survive and grow it must continuously improve its performance. When an organisation makes changes, employees will have to make changes in what they do and how they do it. Improvement can take place in different ways. Examples: – Learning from mistakes – very few people like saying sorry. Nor do they like even admitting to themselves that they have made a mistake. It might boost your morale in short term to blame everyone but yourself when a mistake is made. In longer term, never admitting a mistake can cause problems. Acknowledging your mistakes can help both you and the person you’re talking to. He or she will recognise that you have admitted your mistake without trying to lay the blame on anyone else, be immediately in a position to try to correct the mistake because you have not tried to be obstructive about it, will try to ensure that the same mistake won’t occur again by giving your extra training, assistance or support, will appreciate your honesty. Learning from performance reviews -it is a systematic and periodic process that assesses an individual employee’s job performance and productivity in relation to certain pre-established criteria and organizational objectives. These reviews tend to be done every 6-12 months so they create a frame work for continuous performance review and improvement. Most people think of a performance review as an uncomfortable meeting with their boss; a chance to hear how great (or not so great) a job they’ve been doing or what sort of salary increase to expect this year. But a good performance review should be much more than this — it should be an engaged, two-way conversation between employer and employee. While this is your manager’s time to share his or her overall evaluation of your strengths and weaknesses, it is also  your  time to ask insightful questions, receive constructive feedback, and establish a clear plan for improvement or future professional development. Your performance review, whether overwhelmingly positive or somewhat disappointing, is always a great opportunity to learn, grow, and move forward in your career. 3. Briefly describe at least two different types of career pathways that may be available to you. One and the most wanted career pathways for me is kind of administrative job. I would like to work in the office environment. Many of administrative and clerical jobs, like Administrative Assistant, Data Entry Clarke, Secretary and other, all are about following procedures, checking things and keeping records. So, I’m organised person, accurate and pay close attention to detail. I have ability to use my own initiative, but also know when matters need to be referred to a supervisor. Second career pathway for me is the social service sector. All of these services are about helping people. I could work as Social Work Assistant, Family Support Worker or Youth and Community Worker. I’ve got a caring personality and want to help people during trying times in their lives. I want to make a positive difference to children and their families’ lives, and help them have a better future. Unfortunately, I don’t have specific qualifications to work in this environment, but the most of employers giving training before work begin. Section 7 – Understand the types of problems that may occur in a business environment and how to deal with them 1. Identify at least two different types of problems that can occur in a business environment. At work, problems are at the centre of what many people do every day. You’re either solving a problem for a client (internal or external), supporting those who are solving problems, or discovering new problems to solve. The problems you face can be large or small, simple or complex, and easy or difficult to solve. Regardless of the nature of the problems, a fundamental part of every manager’s role is finding ways to solve them. There are two main types of problems that may occur at work environment: – Minor problems – small and usually have obvious, easy-to-implement solutions, where you can use your own knowledge and experience to come up with a workable solution. – Major problems – are likely to have serious consequences and need careful consideration, they must be referred to a senior manager. In this instance, you should inform a senior manager as soon as possible. 2. Complete the table below by describing at least two specific problems that can occur at work and how they can be dealt with. |Problem |Dealing with the problem | |1. Equipment failure |Need to report the problem to store manager, he need to call | | |engineer to fix it up | | | | | | | |2. Customer complaint about hair in food |Ask shift manager to deal with customer. Need to apologise customer,| | |offer replace food, extra dessert. Check that they are kept food | | |safety roles on the kitchen. | 3. Complete the table below by listing at least two problems you are able to deal with yourself and two problems you would need to refer to others to deal with (and how you would refer these problems). |Problems I can deal with: |Problems I would need to refer to others: |How are problems referred to others? | |1. Delivery not arrived – need to contact |1. Computer crashing |Report to computer technician by telephone. | |with head office by telephone, to find out | | | |what happened. | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |2. Stock on front counter run out – need to |2. Important equipment failure |Report to store manager. If is present in | |go to stockroom to pick up some stock or | |store – face to face, if not – by phone call | |delegate someone to stock up | |or by email. Should leave note in managers | | | |diary for next shift manager, to let him know| | | |about problem | | | | | | | | | How to cite Unit 1, Business Administration Level2, Papers

Mental Accounting And Its Impact On Consumer Behavior

Questions: 1. Mental accounting and it impact on consumer decision making? 2. How might a company take advantage of consumers mental accounting? Give examples. 3. As a marketer, how might you frame certain decisions to benefit from the disparities that arise in ones cognitive accounting? 4. As a consumer, how would you avoid the pitfalls posed by the inequalities of ones cognitive accounting? Answers: Introduction Richard Thaer gets the credit of coining this term-mental accounting. Mental accounting is a psychological system in which the people or specifically the customer is expected to prepare a mental note about the economic results of the decision they would make once they plan to purchase something. (Berk, 1995) 1. Mental accounting and it impact on consumer decision making Mental Accounting is a concept whereby the approach of the customers towards their buying is calculated and monitored. It is assumed in mental accounting that a customer also takes into account not just the cost but the actual rewards or benefits he or she receives after purchasing that particular product. (Thaler, 2001) As Thaler propagated, there are basically three wings or three important steps involved in the whole concept of mental accounting. These three important legs of mental accounting include: (1) the awareness of the results which the customer will make before making that purchase (2) the act of giving or setting targets for different set of accounts (3) the calculation of the exact time gap or the time lag which is created while calculating or undergoing the system of mental accounting. (Hales, 2002)The process of mental accounting can be demonstrated by taking the example of a person who travelling with his child and the child is feeling extremely thirsty and the perso n wishes to purchase juice for the kid. Now he has two options for him. Either he can purchase juice worth $20 which is available in the departmental store or he can spend $25 for exactly the same bottle of juice from an up market restaurant which is on their way for the simple reason that he has taken the advantage of mental accounting and calculated that the benefit he is getting is much more in the second case and that too with just the difference of $5. This is actually mental accounting which takes into account a number of factors apart from just the cost. (Edwards, 1968) 2. How can a company take advantage of consumers mental accounting? An analysis. Cognitive accounting uses the thought process of an individual which treats money differently in when coming from different sources. For instance a student earns $250 during his summer job and is not willing to spend it on the latest collection of video games while on the other hand his grandfather has sent him $250 as a reward for his interest in summer job which he or she is willing to part away with. The cost of the video game will remain the same, it is just that now he is taking into account the efforts put in procuring that $250. 3. As a marketer, how might one frame certain decisions to benefit from the disparities that arise in ones cognitive accounting? One of the most common marketing strategies which aims at targeting the mental accounting that goes on in themed of the people is freebies. Freebies especially which are aimed at small kids and teenage group. For instance the amount spent on advertisement of MNCs like Gems surprise include the freebie which is Colour changing panda. Now acquiring a colour changing panda will soon develop as an obsession among the children and they will purchase the product not for the sake of chocolate alone, but because of the freebie inside. (French, 1991) 4. As a consumer, how would you avoid the pitfalls posed by the inequalities of ones cognitive accounting? The best manner in which a consumer can avoid the pitfalls laid out by companies is by keeping one golden rule of shopping in mind. That golden rule is whether or not they actually need the product at that point of time or are they buying to stock. Secondly it is very crucial that all the money, whether earned, received as some gift or cracked through a jackpot should be treated the same. (Thaler, 2001)Although in the last two options the person might not have put in lots of efforts to earn it, but the only thing which we need to understand is that a penny saved is actually a penny earned. So even if source of money is different in all the case, their treatment should be equal. (Edwards, 1968) For instance, the Kaun Baega Crorepati, which has been one of the most popular prime time shows in India uses this approach of mental accounting for their advantage. When a contestant who has secured Rs 1 crore is about to take the decision whether or not to continue the game for a further R 10 crore, he or she should remember that however easy it may seem at this moment to earn that 9 crore, the amount which is in hand that is Rs 1 crore is still more safe and secure. And at times when people do not take into account the mental accounting procedure, they take the option of answering the question and reach to nothing but say Rs 30 lakh! (Hales, 2002) Conclusion In any business scenario, the marketing teams come up with newer ways, studies and approaches towards capturing the thought process of the customers so that they can maximize their profits. But the real game is when the customer is also aware that his thinking pattern is being targeted at. So what a customer needs to make sure is that, 1.) The money received from whichever source should be treated equally 2.) Before purchasing any product it should be seen whether or not it is urgent or can it be postponed, in case the buying can be postponed that means that it is not at all required to be purchased at that point of time taking into account the actual utility or benefit of that product for that moment 3.) In situations where people strike jackpots, they should not opt for instant buying. They should let that moment of happiness pass and should take an intelligent decision after a couple of days by that time he will be able to make a clear comparison of the price of what he intends to buy as compared to the actual utility of that thing. (Berk, 1995). References Berk, J. (1995) A critique of size related anomalies. Review of Financial Studies 8:275286. Bell, D. (1982) Regret in decision making under uncertainty. Operations Research 30:961981 Benartzi, S., and R. Thaler (2001) Na ve diversification strategies in defined contribution savings plans. American Economic Review 91:7998. Bloomfield, R. and Hales, J. (2002) Predicting the next step of a random walk: experimental evidence of regime-shifting beliefs. Journal of Financial Economics 65:397414. Camerer, C. (1995) Individual decision making, in: J. Kagel and A. Roth, eds. Handbook of Experimental Economics Daniel, K. and Titman, S. (1997) Evidence on the characteristics of cross-sectional variation in stock returns. Journal of Finance 52:133 Edwards, W. (1968) Conservatism in human information processing: B. Kleinmutz, ed. Formal Representation of Human Judgment pp. 1752 French, K. and J. Poterba (1991) Investor diversification and international equity markets. American Economic Review 81:222226